我國環境影響評估制度，自1994年《環境影響評估法》獲立法院三讀通過，正式有了法源基礎。環評制度設計的理想，是希望藉由影響評估的施行，促使政府政策制定及私部門開發行為進行之前，可以得到充分的審議及評估，減低相關環境影響，協調、兼顧社會對於經濟發展、環境保護等不同的要求。然而實施以來，環評制度不僅難以有效減低民眾對於開發行為不良影響的疑慮，其制度設計和實務操作也飽受批評，特別是現有環評制度相當強調環境影響之預測及評定，而在主觀感受、社會價值、社會及經濟影響等層面，卻未設置適當的調查要求和評估方法，也未有實質的民眾參與進入決策過程，而是由專家組成的環評委員會擁有決定權。針對現有環評制度未能加強納入社會影響評估的缺失，本研究計畫針對國際間社會影響評估相關法規和研究進行文獻彙整和評述，對國內發展情境、相關法規作出整理和分析，並參酌我國2009年《兩公約實行法》對於人權主張之肯定，納入原住民文化、土地徵收及迫遷等重要議題考量，提出適於我國建立「社會影響評估技術規範草案」相關建議和草案內容。

　　Taiwan’s environmental impact assessment (EIA) was established after Environmental Impact Assessment Act was passed by the Legislative Yuan in 1994. The original idea of the EIA is to ensure the application of appropriate deliberation and assessment procedures before a policy or a development project comes into effect, such that environmental impacts are mitigated and society’s differing expectations can be taken into consideration. In practice, however, the EIA does little to reduce public mistrust of government given the frequent occurrences of environmental protests after its implementation. Moreover, while the existing EIA system places emphasis on objective research and assessment methods with regard to environmental impacts, a lack of appropriate attention to social impacts has made the EIA vulnerable to criticisms of its failure to incorporate subject feelings, public opinions, and social and economic impacts. The absence of meaningful public participation in the decision making process has also become a point of contention. With an eye on remedying the situation, this research project reviews social impact assessment (SIA) regulations and relevant academic writings, and analyze the situations in Taiwan and relevant statutes and regulations. In viewed of the recent implementation of Taiwan’s Act to Implement the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, this research project also lays emphasis on issues of aboriginal culture, forced relocation and eminent domain. The objective is to supply relevant policy advices, and a provisional draft of the Technical Guidelines for Social Impact Assessment to be considered as part of the EIA reforms.